Blood in the urine may also be a sign of problems such as kidney stones, infections, bladder cancer or a blood disorder like sickle cell disease. White blood cells are a sign of an infection or inflammation in the kidneys, bladder or another area. Bacteria is usually a sign of an infection in the body. Normal urine does not contain bacteria. Crystals that are formed from chemicals in the urine. If they become large enough, they form kidney stones. Urinalysis doesn't answer all the questions about your health.
It provides a clue. In fact, it can lead to more tests to understand what is happening. Protein in the urine is a sign of kidney disease. But a normal urinalysis does not guarantee that you do not have chronic kidney disease. Some people will not release a significant amount of protein early in a disease process. Or, they may release protein only occasionally, so it is missed by a single urine sample. In someone who has ingested large amounts of water, making larger amounts of urine, small quantities of chemicals may be undetectable.
COVID patients can become kidney patients. You can provide lifesaving support today with a special monthly gift. Donate Now. Make your lifesaving monthly gift today. The presence of bilirubin in urine could be a sign of liver damage or disease. Infection: The presence of nitrates or leukocyte esterase are found in urine, it could indicate a urinary tract infection.
Blood: Blood in the urine could be a sign of kidney damage, infection, disease, bladder stones, kidney cancer , bladder cancer , or blood disorder. For the microscopic exam, several drops of urine are placed on a slide to be viewed under a microscope.
Your healthcare professional will be looking for abnormal levels of:. Leukocytes: Leukocytes in urine white blood cells could indicate an infection. Erythrocytes: Erythrocytes in urine red blood cells could indicate kidney disease or an underlying condition like bladder cancer.
Yeast or Bacteria: Bacteria or Yeasts in the urine could indicate an infection. Crystals: Crystals in urine could indicate kidney stones. Casts: Urinary casts are microscopic cylindrical structures produced by the kidney and if present, could be a sign of kidney problems. A urinalysis is typically performed with other diagnostic tests and exams. Alone, a urinalysis rarely provides all the information needed to make a definitive diagnosis.
Quick Facts. Request Appointment. What is a Urinalysis? A urinalysis is a three-part test that looks at: 1.
Why is a urinalysis done? A urinalysis may be done for many reasons, including: Overall Health: Routine medical exams often involve a urinalysis to screen for a variety of medical conditions like diabetes, liver disease, and kidney disease. How to Prepare for Urinalysis. The instructions for collecting a urine sample will also be found in the restroom. For Women: Part the labia to expose the vaginal opening Clean the area from front to back towards rectum with an antiseptic wipe.
For example, a urinary tract infection can make urine look cloudy instead of clear. Increased levels of protein in urine can be a sign of kidney disease. Other tests, such as pregnancy testing and drug screenings, might rely on a urine sample, but these tests look for substances that aren't included in a typical urinalysis.
If you're having only a urinalysis, you can eat and drink before the test. If you're having other tests, you might need to fast before the test.
Your health care provider will give you specific instructions. Many drugs, including nonprescription medications and supplements, can affect the results of a urinalysis. Before a urinalysis, tell your doctor about medications, vitamins or other supplements you take. You might collect a urine sample at home or at your health care provider's office. Providers typically give out containers for urine samples. You might be asked to collect the sample at home first thing in the morning, when your urine is more concentrated.
You might be instructed to collect the sample midstream, using a clean-catch method. This method involves the following steps:. In some cases, if needed, your provider can insert a thin, flexible tube catheter through the urinary tract opening and into the bladder to collect the urine sample.
The urine sample is sent to a lab for analysis. You can return to your usual activities immediately. For a urinalysis, your urine sample is evaluated in three ways: visual exam, dipstick test and microscopic exam.
A lab technician examines the urine's appearance.
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