I do not understand this since chlorine is just as electronegative as oxygen and nitrogen? Edit : I should also added that nitrogen and chlorine have the same EN value 3. Very, very related. Check it for a more in depth answer. It is just a covalent attraction.
Despite its electronegativity, size of chlorine atom is large and hence, electron density of chlorine is not sufficient to form Hydrogen Bonding. Hence, HCl does not have hydrogen Bonding. Sign up to join this community. The best answers are voted up and rise to the top. Stack Overflow for Teams — Collaborate and share knowledge with a private group.
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Report Answer. Spam Answer drives traffic to external sites for promotional or commercial purposes. Does not Answer the Question Answer posted is not solving the query properly. Poorly Written Answer is not written properly. However, if this difference is less than 2. The electronegativity difference of the H-Cl bond is only 0. However, hydrogen chloride is not a true covalent compound. Why is it so and what are true covalent compounds? A true covalent bond is formed when there is an equal sharing of the electron from each atom in the molecule such as homonuclear molecules i.
However, the covalent character or we can say purity of covalency decreases when there are heteronuclear molecules. In heteronuclear molecules, atoms do not share electron s equally because of the difference in the electronegativity value.
Hence, HCl is not a true covalent compound as the chlorine atom will attract a shared pair of electrons towards itself owing to its higher electronegativity 3.
Or we can say that the H-Cl bond in the hydrogen chloride compound is a polar covalent bond. It means that the H-Cl bond act as a dipole with a partial positive charge on the hydrogen atom and a partial negative charge on the chlorine atom.
It would be quite interesting if we can calculate the partial charge on the atom. So, let us calculate the partial charge on the hydrogen and chlorine atom in hydrogen chloride. The formula for measurement of charge is as follows:. The dipole moment of hydrogen chloride is 1. If we substitute the values in the above equation, the partial charge on the hydrogen atom comes out to be 0. There will be equal but opposite charge on the chlorine atom i.
Our next step would be to estimate the percentage of electrons transferred from the hydrogen atom to the chlorine atom in hydrogen chloride, which is known Ionic character in the covalent bond. It confirms that the H-Cl bond in the hydrogen chloride is a polar covalent bond, not an ionic bond.
It is another criterion for distinguishing between Ionic and covalent bonds. In brief, hydrogen chloride is a covalent compound based on the electronegativity difference between two atoms of the HCl molecule.
It confirms the nature of the H-Cl bond in the HCl molecule as a polar covalent bond. November 9, November 9, November 8, November 7, Your email address will not be published. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Skip to content HCl is known as hydrochloric acid or muriatic acid. Let us discuss the covalent nature of hydrogen chloride in detail.
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